A recent study published in Frontiers in Medicine established the deep learning-based pain classifier based on facial expression focusing on the area nearby eyebrow. The accuracy to detect tense/grimacing and grimacing were ~80 and 90%, respectively. This study, entitled ‘Deep Learning-Based Pain Classifier Based on the Facial Expression in Critically Ill Patients‘, indicates a real-world application of AI-based pain assessment based on the facial expression in ICU.… Read more